Physical Thing – E18
E18 Physical Thing
Subclass of:
Superclass of:
Scope note:
This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, human-made or natural.
Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CIDOC CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter.
An instance of E18 Physical Thing occupies not only a particular geometric space at any instant of its existence, but in the course of its existence it also forms a trajectory through spacetime, which occupies a real, that is phenomenal, volume in spacetime. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces, such as the interior of a box. For the purpose of more detailed descriptions of the presence of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in space and time it can be associated with its specific instance of E92 Spacetime Volume by the property P196 defines (is defined by).
The CIDOC CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states, as long as they are not confined in an identifiable way for an identifiable minimal time-span.
Examples:
the Cullinan Diamond (E19) (Scarratt and Shor, 2006)
the cave “Ideon Andron” in Crete (E26) (Smith, 1844-49)
the Mona Lisa (E22) (Mohen, 2006)
Context notes:
In a foundational perspective, this class is equivalent to the Physical Endurant class in DOLCE, cf. Stefano Borgo et al., ‘DOLCE: A Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering’, Applied Ontology, 2022, 1–25 <https://doi.org/10.3233/AO-210259>. It is therefore to be considered as a sibling and disjoint class of the crm:E28 Conceptual Object class, equivalent to Non-physical Endurant in DOLCE.
In First Order Logic:
- E18(x) ⇒ S10(x)
- E18(x) ⇒ E72(x)
Outgoing properties:
- crm:P44 has condition (is condition of) → crm:E3 Condition State
- crm:P45 consists of (is incorporated in) → crm:E57 Material
- crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of) → crm:E18 Physical Thing
- crm:P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) → crm:E39 Actor
- crm:P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) → crm:E39 Actor
- crm:P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) → crm:E39 Actor
- crm:P52 has current owner (is current owner of) → crm:E39 Actor
- crm:P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of) → crm:E53 Place
- crm:P59 has section (is located on or within) → crm:E53 Place
- crm:P128 carries (is carried by) → crm:E90 Symbolic Object
- crm:P156 occupies (is occupied by) → crm:E53 Place
- crm:P196 defines (is defined by) → crm:E92 Spacetime Volume
- crm:P198 holds or supports (is held or supported by) → crm:E18 Physical Thing
Incoming properties:
- crm:E4 Period → crm:P8 took place on or within (witnessed)
- crm:E6 Destruction → crm:P13 destroyed (was destroyed by)
- crm:E8 Acquisition → crm:P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through)
- crm:E10 Transfer of Custody → crm:P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through)
- crm:E11 Modification → crm:P31 has modified (was modified by)
- crm:E14 Condition Assessment → crm:P34 concerned (was assessed by)
- crm:E16 Measurement → crm:P39 measured (was measured by)
- crm:E18 Physical Thing → crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of)
- crm:E79 Part Addition → crm:P110 augmented (was augmented by)
- crm:E79 Part Addition → crm:P111 added (was added by)
- crm:E80 Part Removal → crm:P112 diminished (was diminished by)
- crm:E80 Part Removal → crm:P113 removed (was removed by)
- crm:E81 Transformation → crm:P123 resulted in (resulted from)
- crm:E81 Transformation → crm:P124 transformed (was transformed by)
- crm:E53 Place → crm:P157 is at rest relative to (provides reference space for)
- crm:E93 Presence → crm:P195 was a presence of (had presence)
- crm:E18 Physical Thing → crm:P198 holds or supports (is held or supported by)
Scope notes
Show | Scope note | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, human-made or natural.Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CIDOC CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter.An instance of E18 Physical Thing occupies not only a particular geometric space at any instant of its existence, but in the course of its existence it also forms a trajectory through spacetime, which occupies a real, that is phenomenal, volume in spacetime. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces, such as the interior of a box. For the purpose of more detailed descriptions of the presence of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in space and time it can be associated with its specific instance of E92 Spacetime Volume by the property P196 defines (is defined by). The CIDOC CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states, as long as they are not confined in an identifiable way for an identifiable minimal time-span. | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Examples
Show | Example | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
the Cullinan Diamond (E19) (Scarratt and Shor, 2006) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
the cave “Ideon Andron” in Crete (E26) (Smith, 1844-49) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
the Mona Lisa (E22) (Mohen, 2006) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Additional notes
Show | Notes | Type | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In a foundational perspective, this class is equivalent to the Physical Endurant class in DOLCE, cf. Stefano Borgo et al., ‘DOLCE: A Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering’, Applied Ontology, 2022, 1–25 <https://doi.org/10.3233/AO-210259>. It is therefore to be considered as a sibling and disjoint class of the crm:E28 Conceptual Object class, equivalent to Non-physical Endurant in DOLCE. | Context note | en | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | 0 |
Identifier: E18
Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E18_Physical_Thing
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c18
Labels
Label | Language | Last updated | View details | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
Materielles | de | 2023-06-11 | 0 | |
Υλικό Πράγμα | el | 2023-06-11 | 0 | |
Physical Thing * | en | 2022-06-13 | 0 | |
Chose matérielle | fr | 2023-06-11 | 0 | |
Coisa Material | pt | 2023-06-11 | 0 | |
Физическая Вещь | ru | 2023-06-11 | 0 | |
实物 | zh | 2023-06-11 | 0 |
* : Standard label for this language
Namespace
Namespace | Last updated |
---|---|
CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 2022-06-13 |
CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 | 2022-06-13 |
CIDOC CRM version 6.2 | 2021-06-10 |
Parent classes
Class | Class namespace | Relation defined in | Justification | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S10 Material Substantial | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | 0 | ||||
E72 Legal Object | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Ancestor classes
Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
---|---|---|---|
E1 CRM Entity | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E72 - E70 - E77 |
E1 CRM Entity | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | S10 - E70 - E77 |
E70 Thing | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E72 |
E77 Persistent Item | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E72 - E70 |
E77 Persistent Item | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | S10 - E70 |
Thing | 5 | OntoME internal model - active version | E72 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
Thing | 5 | OntoME internal model - active version | S10 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
Thing | 6 | OntoME internal model - active version | E72 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1 |
Thing | 6 | OntoME internal model - active version | S10 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1 |
S15 Observable Entity | 4 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | E72 - E70 - E77 |
S15 Observable Entity | 4 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | S10 - E70 - E77 |
Child and descendant classes
Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
---|---|---|---|
E19 Physical Object | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
E20 Biological Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E19 |
E21 Person | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | C9 - E39 |
E21 Person | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E19 - E20 |
E22 Human-Made Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E19 |
E22 Human-Made Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
E22 Man-Made Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E19 |
E22 Man-Made Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
E24 Physical Man-Made Thing | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
E25 Human-Made Feature | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
E25 Human-Made Feature | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E26 |
E25 Man-Made Feature | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
E25 Man-Made Feature | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E26 |
E26 Physical Feature | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
E27 Site | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E26 |
E74 Group | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | C9 - E39 |
E78 Collection | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
E78 Curated Holding | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E24 |
F4 Manifestation Singleton | 2 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | E24 |
F7 Object | 1 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | |
F10 Person | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | C9 - E39 - E21 |
F10 Person | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | E19 - E20 - E21 |
F11 Corporate Body | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | C9 - C25 - E74 |
F11 Corporate Body | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | C9 - E39 - E74 |
F39 Family | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | C9 - C25 - E74 |
F39 Family | 4 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | C9 - E39 - E74 |
F53 Material Copy | 3 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | E24 - E25 |
F53 Material Copy | 3 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | E26 - E25 |
F53 Material Copy | 3 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | S20 - E25 |
C13 Geographical Place | 2 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | E26 |
S20 Physical Feature | 1 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | |
S20 Rigid Physical Feature | 1 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | |
S22 Segment of Matter | 2 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | S20 |
C17 Construction | 2 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | E24 |
D8 Digital Device | 3 | CRMdig version 3.2.1 | E19 - E22 |
D8 Digital Device | 3 | CRMdig version 3.2.1 | E24 - E22 |
D35 Area | 2 | CRMdig version 3.2.1 | E26 |
C25 Intentional Collective | 2 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | C9 |
C9 Intentional Entity | 1 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | |
C49 Amount of Matter | 1 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | |
C52 Physical Set | 2 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | E19 |
Related classes
Relation | Class | Class namespace | Justification | Relation defined in | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
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Outgoing properties (this class is domain)
Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)
Incoming properties (this class is range)
Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)
Profiles using this class
Label | Version | Status | Last updated |
---|---|---|---|
voeska model ongoing | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-09-10 |
Linked classes graph
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