Physical Human-Made Thing – E24
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Subclass of:
Superclass of:
Scope note:
This class comprises all persistent physical items of any size that are purposely created by human activity. This class comprises, besides others, Human-Made objects, such as a sword, and Human-Made features, such as rock art. For example, a “cup and ring” carving on bedrock is regarded as instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
Instances of Human-Made thing may be the result of modifying pre-existing physical things, preserving larger parts or most of the original matter and structure, which poses the question if they are new or even Human-Made, the respective interventions of production made on such original material should be obvious and sufficient to regard that the product has a new, distinct identity and intended function and is human-made. Substantial continuity of the previous matter and structure in the new product can be documented by describing the production process also as an instance of E81 Transformation.
Whereas interventions of conservation and repair are not regarded to produce a new Human-Made thing, the results of preparation of natural history specimens that substantially change their natural or original state should be regarded as physical Human-Made things, including the uncovering of petrified biological features from a solid piece of stone. On the other side, scribbling a museum number on a natural object should not be regarded to make it Human-Made. This notwithstanding, parts, sections, segments, or features of a physical Human-Made thing may continue to be non-Human-Made and preserved during the production process, for example natural pearls used as a part of an eardrop.
Examples:
the Forth Railway Bridge (Shipway, Bouch, Baker and Fowler, 1990).
the Channel Tunnel (E25) (Holliday, Marcou and Vickerman, 1991)
the Palace of Knossos (Evans, 1921)
the Colosseum in Rome, Italy (Hopkins and Beard, 2011)
the Historical Collection of the Museum Benaki in Athens (E78) (Georgoula, 2005)
the Rosetta Stone (E22)
my paperback copy of Crime & Punishment (E22) (fictitious)
the computer disk at ICS-FORTH that stores the canonical Definition of the CIDOC CRM v.3.2 (E22)
my empty DVD disk (E22) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:
- E24(x) ⇒ E18(x)
- E24(x) ⇒ E71(x)
Outgoing properties:
Incoming properties:
Scope notes
| Show | Scope note | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This class comprises all persistent physical items of any size that are purposely created by human activity. This class comprises, besides others, Human-Made objects, such as a sword, and Human-Made features, such as rock art. For example, a “cup and ring” carving on bedrock is regarded as instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.Instances of Human-Made thing may be the result of modifying pre-existing physical things, preserving larger parts or most of the original matter and structure, which poses the question if they are new or even Human-Made, the respective interventions of production made on such original material should be obvious and sufficient to regard that the product has a new, distinct identity and intended function and is human-made. Substantial continuity of the previous matter and structure in the new product can be documented by describing the production process also as an instance of E81 Transformation.Whereas interventions of conservation and repair are not regarded to produce a new Human-Made thing, the results of preparation of natural history specimens that substantially change their natural or original state should be regarded as physical Human-Made things, including the uncovering of petrified biological features from a solid piece of stone. On the other side, scribbling a museum number on a natural object should not be regarded to make it Human-Made. This notwithstanding, parts, sections, segments, or features of a physical Human-Made thing may continue to be non-Human-Made and preserved during the production process, for example natural pearls used as a part of an eardrop. | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Examples
| Show | Example | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| the Forth Railway Bridge (Shipway, Bouch, Baker and Fowler, 1990). | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the Channel Tunnel (E25) (Holliday, Marcou and Vickerman, 1991) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the Palace of Knossos (Evans, 1921) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the Colosseum in Rome, Italy (Hopkins and Beard, 2011) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the Historical Collection of the Museum Benaki in Athens (E78) (Georgoula, 2005) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the Rosetta Stone (E22) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| my paperback copy of Crime & Punishment (E22) (fictitious) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| the computer disk at ICS-FORTH that stores the canonical Definition of the CIDOC CRM v.3.2 (E22) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||
| my empty DVD disk (E22) (fictitious) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Additional notes
| Show | Notes | Type | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|
Identifier: E24
Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c23
Labels
| Label | Language | Last updated | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Human-Made Thing * | en | 2022-06-13 | 0 |
* : Standard label for this language
Namespace
| Namespace | Last updated |
|---|---|
| CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 2022-06-13 |
| CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 | 2022-06-13 |
| CIDOC CRM version 6.2 | 2021-06-10 |
Parent classes
| Class | Class namespace | Relation defined in | Justification | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E18 Physical Thing | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 | ||||
| E71 Human-Made Thing | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | 0 |
Ancestor classes
| Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
|---|---|---|---|
| E1 CRM Entity | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E71 - E70 - E77 |
| E1 CRM Entity | 5 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 |
| E1 CRM Entity | 5 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 - S10 - E70 - E77 |
| E70 Thing | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E71 |
| E70 Thing | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 - E72 |
| E72 Legal Object | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E71 - E70 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 - E72 - E70 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | E18 - S10 - E70 |
| Thing | 5 | OntoME internal model - active version | E71 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 6 | OntoME internal model - active version | E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 6 | OntoME internal model - active version | E18 - S10 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 6 | OntoME internal model - active version | E71 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1 |
| Thing | 7 | OntoME internal model - active version | E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1 |
| Thing | 7 | OntoME internal model - active version | E18 - S10 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1 |
| S10 Material Substantial | 2 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | E18 |
| S15 Observable Entity | 4 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | E71 - E70 - E77 |
| S15 Observable Entity | 5 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 |
| S15 Observable Entity | 5 | CRMsci version 1.2.3 | E18 - S10 - E70 - E77 |
Child and descendant classes
| Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
|---|---|---|---|
| E22 Human-Made Object | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| E22 Man-Made Object | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| E25 Human-Made Feature | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| E25 Man-Made Feature | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| E78 Collection | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| E78 Curated Holding | 1 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 | |
| F4 Manifestation Singleton | 1 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | |
| F53 Material Copy | 2 | FRBRoo version 2.4 | E25 |
| C17 Construction | 1 | SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing | |
| D8 Digital Device | 2 | CRMdig version 3.2.1 | E22 |
Related classes
| Relation | Class | Class namespace | Justification | Relation defined in | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
|---|
Outgoing properties (this class is domain)
| Domain | Property identifier | Range | Namespace |
|---|---|---|---|
| E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) | E1 CRM Entity | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | crm:P65 shows visual item (is shown by) | E36 Visual Item | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)
Incoming properties (this class is range)
| Domain | Property identifier | Range | Namespace |
|---|---|---|---|
| E12 Production | crm:P108 has produced (was produced by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)
| Domain | Property identifier | Range | Namespace |
|---|---|---|---|
| E4 Period | crm:P8 took place on or within (witnessed) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E4 Period | crm:P8 took place on or within (witnessed) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E5 Event | crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E5 Event | crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E6 Destruction | crm:P13 destroyed (was destroyed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E6 Destruction | crm:P13 destroyed (was destroyed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P16 used specific object (was used for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E70) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P16 used specific object (was used for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E70) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P19 was intended use of (was made for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E71) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E7 Activity | crm:P19 was intended use of (was made for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E71) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E8 Acquisition | crm:P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E8 Acquisition | crm:P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E10 Transfer of Custody | crm:P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E10 Transfer of Custody | crm:P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E11 Modification | crm:P31 has modified (was modified by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E11 Modification | crm:P31 has modified (was modified by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E13 Attribute Assignment | crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E13 Attribute Assignment | crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E13 Attribute Assignment | crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E13 Attribute Assignment | crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E14 Condition Assessment | crm:P34 concerned (was assessed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E14 Condition Assessment | crm:P34 concerned (was assessed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E16 Measurement | crm:P39 measured (was measured by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E16 Measurement | crm:P39 measured (was measured by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E17 Type Assignment | crm:P41 classified (was classified by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E17 Type Assignment | crm:P41 classified (was classified by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E18 Physical Thing | crm:P198 holds or supports (is held or supported by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E18 Physical Thing | crm:P198 holds or supports (is held or supported by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E18 Physical Thing | crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E18 Physical Thing | crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E24 Physical Human-Made Thing | crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E31 Document | crm:P70 documents (is documented in) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E31 Document | crm:P70 documents (is documented in) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E32 Authority Document | crm:P71 lists (is listed in) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E32 Authority Document | crm:P71 lists (is listed in) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E36 Visual Item | crm:P138 represents (has representation) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E36 Visual Item | crm:P138 represents (has representation) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E53 Place | crm:P157 is at rest relative to (provides reference space for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E53 Place | crm:P157 is at rest relative to (provides reference space for) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E63 Beginning of Existence | crm:P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E63 Beginning of Existence | crm:P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E64 End of Existence | crm:P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E64 End of Existence | crm:P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E77) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E70 Thing | crm:P130 shows features of (features are also found on) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E70) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E70 Thing | crm:P130 shows features of (features are also found on) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E70) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E79 Part Addition | crm:P110 augmented (was augmented by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E79 Part Addition | crm:P110 augmented (was augmented by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E79 Part Addition | crm:P111 added (was added by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E79 Part Addition | crm:P111 added (was added by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E80 Part Removal | crm:P112 diminished (was diminished by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E80 Part Removal | crm:P112 diminished (was diminished by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E80 Part Removal | crm:P113 removed (was removed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E80 Part Removal | crm:P113 removed (was removed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E81 Transformation | crm:P123 resulted in (resulted from) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E81 Transformation | crm:P123 resulted in (resulted from) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E81 Transformation | crm:P124 transformed (was transformed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E81 Transformation | crm:P124 transformed (was transformed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E83 Type Creation | crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E83 Type Creation | crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E89 Propositional Object | crm:P129 is about (is subject of) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E89 Propositional Object | crm:P129 is about (is subject of) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E89 Propositional Object | crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E89 Propositional Object | crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E1) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E93 Presence | crm:P195 was a presence of (had presence) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| E93 Presence | crm:P195 was a presence of (had presence) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a E18) | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 |
| S1 Matter Removal | crmsci:O1 diminished (was diminished by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S10) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S1 Matter Removal | crmsci:O1 diminished (was diminished by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S10) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S2 Sample Taking | crmsci:O3 sampled from (was sample by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S10) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S2 Sample Taking | crmsci:O3 sampled from (was sample by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S10) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S4 Observation | crmsci:O8 observed (was observed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S4 Observation | crmsci:O8 observed (was observed by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S6 Data Evaluation | crmsci:O11 described (was described by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S6 Data Evaluation | crmsci:O11 described (was described by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S21 Measurement | crmsci:O24 measured (was measured by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
| S21 Measurement | crmsci:O24 measured (was measured by) | E24 Physical Human-Made Thing (is a S15) | CRMsci version 1.2.3 |
Profiles using this class
| Label | Version | Status | Last updated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silknow working profile | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-10 |
| Nouveau profile pour le projetXXXh - xxxxxx | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-10 |
| Silknow generic | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-15 |
| Visual Contagions Version 2 | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-15 |
| Visual Contagions | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-15 |
| HisArc-RDF | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-09-29 |
| Inscriptions and Visual Items ongoing | 1 | Ongoing | 2022-05-28 |
| Artefacts – Characteristics | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-10 |
| Physical human-made things and basic information about them | 1 | Ongoing | 2022-05-28 |
| Archaeological excavations | 1 | Ongoing | 2021-06-10 |
| Displacements, movements and journeys ongoing | 1 | Ongoing | 2022-10-05 |
| Constructions - Production, modification and transformation ongoing | 2 | Ongoing | 2023-05-11 |
| Physical Human-Made Things - Classification and Connotation ongoing | 1 | Ongoing | 2023-09-12 |
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