Physical Thing – E18

E18 Physical Thing

Scope note:

This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, man-made or natural.

Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter.

The CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states.

Examples:

the Cullinan Diamond (E19)

the cave “Ideon Andron” in Crete (E26)

the Mona Lisa (E22)

Context notes:

In a foundational perspective, this class is equivalent to the Physical Endurant class in DOLCE, cf. Stefano Borgo et al., ‘DOLCE: A Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering’, Applied Ontology, 2022, 1–25 <https://doi.org/10.3233/AO-210259>. It is therefore to be considered as a sibling and disjoint class of the crm:E28 Conceptual Object class, equivalent to Non-physical Endurant in DOLCE. 

In First Order Logic:

  • E18(x) ⇒ S10(x)
  • E18(x) ⇒ E72(x)

Scope notes

Show Scope note Language Namespace View details Comments
This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, man-made or natural. Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter. The CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states. en CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 0

Examples

Show Example Language Namespace View details Comments
the Cullinan Diamond (E19) en CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 0
the cave “Ideon Andron” in Crete (E26) en CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 0
the Mona Lisa (E22) en CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 0

Additional notes

Show Notes Type Language Namespace View details Comments
In a foundational perspective, this class is equivalent to the Physical Endurant class in DOLCE, cf. Stefano Borgo et al., ‘DOLCE: A Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering’, Applied Ontology, 2022, 1–25 <https://doi.org/10.3233/AO-210259>. It is therefore to be considered as a sibling and disjoint class of the crm:E28 Conceptual Object class, equivalent to Non-physical Endurant in DOLCE.  Context note en SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing 0

Identifier: E18

Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E18_Physical_Thing
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c18

Labels

Label Language Last updated View details Comments
Materielles de 2023-06-03 0
Υλικό Πράγμα el 2023-06-03 0
Physical Thing en 2022-06-13 0
Chose matérielle fr 2023-06-03 0
Coisa Material pt 2023-06-03 0
Физическая Вещь ru 2023-06-03 0

* : Standard label for this language

Namespace

Namespace Last updated
CIDOC CRM version 7.1.2 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 6.2 2021-06-10

Parent classes

Class Class namespace Relation defined in Justification View details Edit Delete Comments
S10 Material Substantial CRMsci version 1.2.3 CRMsci version 1.2.3 0
E72 Legal Object CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 0

Ancestor classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E1 CRM Entity 4 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E72 - E70 - E77
E1 CRM Entity 4 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 S10 - E70 - E77
E70 Thing 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E72
E77 Persistent Item 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E72 - E70
E77 Persistent Item 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 S10 - E70
Thing 5 OntoME internal model - active version E72 - E70 - E77 - E1
Thing 5 OntoME internal model - active version S10 - E70 - E77 - E1
Thing 6 OntoME internal model - active version E72 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1
Thing 6 OntoME internal model - active version S10 - E70 - E77 - S15 - E1
S15 Observable Entity 4 CRMsci version 1.2.3 E72 - E70 - E77
S15 Observable Entity 4 CRMsci version 1.2.3 S10 - E70 - E77

Child and descendant classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E19 Physical Object 1 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E20 Biological Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E19
E21 Person 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 C9 - E39
E21 Person 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E19 - E20
E22 Human-Made Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E19
E22 Human-Made Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E22 Man-Made Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E19
E22 Man-Made Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing 1 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E24 Physical Man-Made Thing 1 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E25 Human-Made Feature 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E25 Human-Made Feature 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E26
E25 Man-Made Feature 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E25 Man-Made Feature 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E26
E26 Physical Feature 1 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E27 Site 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E26
E40 Legal Body 4 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 C9 - C25 - E74
E40 Legal Body 4 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 C9 - E39 - E74
E74 Group 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 C9 - E39
E78 Collection 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E78 Curated Holding 2 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24
E84 Information Carrier 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E19 - E22
E84 Information Carrier 3 CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 E24 - E22
F4 Manifestation Singleton 2 FRBRoo version 2.4 E24
F5 Item 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 E19 - E22 - E84 - F54
F5 Item 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 E24 - E22 - E84 - F54
F7 Object 1 FRBRoo version 2.4
F10 Person 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - E39 - E21
F10 Person 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 E19 - E20 - E21
F11 Corporate Body 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - C25 - E74
F11 Corporate Body 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - E39 - E74
F39 Family 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - C25 - E74
F39 Family 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - E39 - E74
F44 Bibliographic Agency 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - C25 - E74 - E40
F44 Bibliographic Agency 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 C9 - E39 - E74 - E40
F53 Material Copy 3 FRBRoo version 2.4 E24 - E25
F53 Material Copy 3 FRBRoo version 2.4 E26 - E25
F53 Material Copy 3 FRBRoo version 2.4 S20 - E25
F53 Material Copy 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 E19 - E22 - E84 - F54
F53 Material Copy 5 FRBRoo version 2.4 E24 - E22 - E84 - F54
F54 Utilized Information Carrier 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 E19 - E22 - E84
F54 Utilized Information Carrier 4 FRBRoo version 2.4 E24 - E22 - E84
C13 Geographical Place 2 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing E26
S20 Physical Feature 1 CRMsci version 1.2.3
S20 Rigid Physical Feature 1 CRMsci version 1.2.3
S22 Segment of Matter 2 CRMsci version 1.2.3 S20
C17 Construction 2 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing E24
D8 Digital Device 3 CRMdig version 3.2.1 E19 - E22
D8 Digital Device 3 CRMdig version 3.2.1 E24 - E22
D13 Digital Information Carrier 4 CRMdig version 3.2.1 E19 - E22 - E84
D13 Digital Information Carrier 4 CRMdig version 3.2.1 E24 - E22 - E84
D35 Area 2 CRMdig version 3.2.1 E26
C25 Intentional Collective 2 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing C9
C9 Intentional Entity 1 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing
C49 Amount of Matter 1 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing
C52 Physical Set 2 SDHSS Semantic Data for Humanities and Social Sciences CIDOC CRM Extension ongoing E19

Related classes

Relation Class Class namespace Justification Relation defined in View details Edit Delete Comments

Outgoing properties (this class is domain)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E18 Physical Thing crm:P44 has condition (is condition of) E3 Condition State CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P45 consists of (is incorporated in) E57 Material CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P52 has current owner (is current owner of) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P58 has section definition (defines section) E46 Section Definition CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P59 has section (is located on or within) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4

Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E18 Physical Thing (is a E1 CRM Entity) crm:P1 is identified by (identifies) E41 Appellation CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E1 CRM Entity) crm:P2 has type (is type of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E1 CRM Entity) crm:P3 has note E62 String CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E1 CRM Entity) crm:P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of) E42 Identifier CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E1 CRM Entity) crm:P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E70 Thing) crm:P43 has dimension (is dimension of) E54 Dimension CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E70 Thing) crm:P101 had as general use (was use of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E70 Thing) crm:P130 shows features of (features are also found on) E70 Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E72 Legal Object) crm:P104 is subject to (applies to) E30 Right CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing (is a E72 Legal Object) crm:P105 right held by (has right on) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4

Incoming properties (this class is range)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E6 Destruction crm:P13 destroyed (was destroyed by) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E8 Acquisition crm:P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E10 Transfer of Custody crm:P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E14 Condition Assessment crm:P34 concerned (was assessed by) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E18 Physical Thing crm:P46 is composed of (forms part of) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E79 Part Addition crm:P111 added (was added by) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E80 Part Removal crm:P113 removed (was removed by) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4

Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E5 Event crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) E18 Physical Thing (is a E77) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E7 Activity crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E7 Activity crm:P16 used specific object (was used for) E18 Physical Thing (is a E70) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E7 Activity crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E16 Measurement crm:P39 measured (was measured by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E17 Type Assignment crm:P41 classified (was classified by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E24 Physical Man-Made Thing crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E31 Document crm:P70 documents (is documented in) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E32 Authority Document crm:P71 lists (is listed in) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E36 Visual Item crm:P138 represents (has representation) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E63 Beginning of Existence crm:P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E77) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E64 End of Existence crm:P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E77) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E70 Thing crm:P130 shows features of (features are also found on) E18 Physical Thing (is a E70) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E81 Transformation crm:P123 resulted in (resulted from) E18 Physical Thing (is a E77) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E81 Transformation crm:P124 transformed (was transformed by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E77) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E83 Type Creation crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E89 Propositional Object crm:P129 is about (is subject of) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
E89 Propositional Object crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) E18 Physical Thing (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4
S1 Matter Removal crmsci:O1 diminished (was diminished by) E18 Physical Thing (is a S10) CRMsci version 1.2.3
S2 Sample Taking crmsci:O3 sampled from (was sample by) E18 Physical Thing (is a S10) CRMsci version 1.2.3
S4 Observation crmsci:O8 observed (was observed by) E18 Physical Thing (is a S15) CRMsci version 1.2.3
S6 Data Evaluation crmsci:O11 described (was described by) E18 Physical Thing (is a S15) CRMsci version 1.2.3
S21 Measurement crmsci:O24 measured (was measured by) E18 Physical Thing (is a S15) CRMsci version 1.2.3

Profiles using this class

Label Version Status Last updated
voeska model ongoing 1 Ongoing 2021-09-10

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