Measurement – E16

E16 Measurement

Scope note:

This class comprises actions measuring quantitative physical properties and other values that can be determined by a systematic, objective procedure of direct observation of particular states of physical reality.

An instance of E16 Measurement may use simple counting or tools, such as yardsticks or radiation detection devices. The interest is in the method and care applied, so that the reliability of the result may be judged at a later stage, or research continued on the associated documents. The date of the event is important for dimensions, which may change value over time, such as the length of an object subject to shrinkage. Methods and devices employed should be associated with instances of E16 Measurement by properties such as P33 used specific technique: E29 Design or Procedure, P125 used object of type: E55 Type, P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing, whereas basic techniques such as "carbon-14 dating" should be encoded using P2 has type (is type of): E55 Type. Details of methods and devices reused or reusable in other instances of E16 Measurement should be documented for these entities rather than the measurements themselves, whereas details of particular execution may be documented by free text or by instantiating adequate sub-activities, if the detail may be of interest for an overarching query.

Regardless whether a measurement is made by an instrument or by human senses, it represents the initial transition from physical reality to information without any other documented information object in between within the reasoning chain that would represent the result of the interaction of the observer or device with reality. Therefore, determining properties of an instance of E90 Symbolic Object is regarded as an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment, which may be inferred from observing and measuring representative carriers. In the case that the carrier can be named, the property P16 used specific object (was used for): should be used to indicate the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing that was used as the empirical basis for the attribute assignment. For instance, inferring properties of depicted items using image material, such as satellite images, is not regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement, but as a subsequent instance of E13 Attribute Assignment. Rather, only the production of the images, understood as arrays of radiation intensities, is regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement. The same reasoning holds for other sensor data.

Examples:

measurement of the height of silver cup 232 on 31st August 1997 (fictitious)

the carbon 14 dating of the “Schoeninger Speer II” in 1996 [The carbon 14 dating of an approximately 400.000 year old complete Old Palaeolithic wooden spear found in Schoeningen, Niedersachsen, Germany, in 1995.] (Kouwenhoven, 1997)

In First Order Logic:

  • E16(x) ⇒ E13(x)

Scope notes

Show Scope note Language Namespace View details Comments
This class comprises actions measuring quantitative physical properties and other values that can be determined by a systematic, objective procedure of direct observation of particular states of physical reality. An instance of E16 Measurement may use simple counting or tools, such as yardsticks or radiation detection devices. The interest is in the method and care applied, so that the reliability of the result may be judged at a later stage, or research continued on the associated documents. The date of the event is important for dimensions, which may change value over time, such as the length of an object subject to shrinkage. Methods and devices employed should be associated with instances of E16 Measurement by properties such as P33 used specific technique: E29 Design or Procedure, P125 used object of type: E55 Type, P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing, whereas basic techniques such as "carbon-14 dating" should be encoded using P2 has type (is type of): E55 Type. Details of methods and devices reused or reusable in other instances of E16 Measurement should be documented for these entities rather than the measurements themselves, whereas details of particular execution may be documented by free text or by instantiating adequate sub-activities, if the detail may be of interest for an overarching query.Regardless whether a measurement is made by an instrument or by human senses, it represents the initial transition from physical reality to information without any other documented information object in between within the reasoning chain that would represent the result of the interaction of the observer or device with reality. Therefore, determining properties of an instance of E90 Symbolic Object is regarded as an instance of E13 Attribute Assignment, which may be inferred from observing and measuring representative carriers. In the case that the carrier can be named, the property P16 used specific object (was used for): should be used to indicate the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing that was used as the empirical basis for the attribute assignment. For instance, inferring properties of depicted items using image material, such as satellite images, is not regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement, but as a subsequent instance of E13 Attribute Assignment. Rather, only the production of the images, understood as arrays of radiation intensities, is regarded as an instance of E16 Measurement. The same reasoning holds for other sensor data. en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Cette classe comprend les actions permettant de mesurer les propriétés physiques quantitatives et les autres valeurs qui peuvent être déterminées par une procédure systématique et objective d'observation directe des états particuliers de la réalité physique. Une instance de E16_Mesurage peut impliquer un simple comptage ou l'utilisation d'outils, tels que des étalons ou des détecteurs de radiation. L'intérêt de cette approche est dans la méthode appliquée et le soin apporté, de manière à pouvoir juger ultérieurement de la fiabilité du résultat ou de poursuivre la recherche sur les documents associés. La date de l'événement est importante pour les dimensions, qui peuvent changer de valeur au fil du temps, comme la longueur d'un objet sujet au rétrécissement. Les méthodes et dispositifs employés doivent être associés à des instances de E16_Mesurage par des propriétés telles que P33_a_mobilisé_comme_technique_spécifique : E29_Conceptualisation_ou_procédure, P125_a_mobilisé_l'objet_du_type : E55_Type, P16_a_mobilisé_l'objet_spécifique (a_été_mobilisé_pour) : E70_Chose, alors que les techniques de base telles que la datation au carbone 14 doivent être encodées en utilisant P2_a_pour_type (est_le_type_de) : E55_Type. Les détails concernant les méthodes et les dispositifs réutilisés ou réutilisables dans d'autres instances de E16_Mesurage doivent être documentés pour ces entités plutôt que pour les mesures elles-mêmes, tandis que les détails concernant une exécution particulière peuvent être documentés en texte libre ou en instanciant des sous-activités adéquates, si ces détails peuvent être d'intérêt pour une requête plus globale.Qu'une mesure soit effectuée par un instrument ou par les sens humains, celle-ci représente la transition initiale de la réalité physique à l'information sans qu'aucun autre objet d'information documenté entre les deux dans la chaîne de raisonnement puisse représenter le résultat de l'interaction de l'observateur ou de l'appareil avec la réalité. Par conséquent, le fait de déterminer des propriétés d'une instance de E90_Objet_symbolique est considéré comme une instance de E13_Assignation_d'attribut, qui peut être inférée de l'observation et du mesurage de supports représentatifs de l'objet. Dans le cas où le support peut être nommé, la propriété P16_a_mobilisé_l'objet_spécifique (a_été_mobilisé_pour) doit être utilisée pour indiquer la ou les instances de E18_Chose_matérielle qui ont été utilisées comme base empirique pour l'assignation d'attribut. Par exemple, les propriétés inférées des entités représentées à l'aide d'images, comme des images satellites, ne sont pas considérées comme des instances de E16_Mesurage, mais comme des instances subséquentes de E13_Assignation_d'attribut. Plutôt, seule la production des images, comprises comme des réseaux d'intensités de radiation, est considérée comme une instance de E16_Mesurage. Le même raisonnement vaut pour les autres données captées. fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Examples

Show Example Language Namespace View details Comments
measurement of the height of silver cup 232 on 31st August 1997 (fictitious) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
the carbon 14 dating of the “Schoeninger Speer II” in 1996 [The carbon 14 dating of an approximately 400.000 year old complete Old Palaeolithic wooden spear found in Schoeningen, Niedersachsen, Germany, in 1995.] (Kouwenhoven, 1997) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
La mesure de la hauteur de la coupe en argent « 232 » le 31 août 1997 (fictif) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
La datation au carbone 14 de la « Schœninger Speer II » en 1996 [la datation au carbone 14 d'une lance en bois paléolithique complète datant d'environ 400 000 ans trouvée en 1995 à Schœningen, Niedersachsen, en Allemagne] (Kouwenhoven, 1997) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Additional notes

Show Notes Type Language Namespace View details Comments

Identifier: E16

Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E16_Measurement
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c16

Labels

Label Language Last updated View details Comments
Messung de 2024-03-14 0
Μέτρηση el 2024-03-14 0
Measurement * en 2022-06-13 0
Mesurage * fr 2024-03-21 0
Medição pt 2024-03-14 0
Событие Измерения ru 2024-03-14 0
测量 zh 2024-03-14 0

* : Standard label for this language

Namespace

Namespace Last updated
CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 6.2 2021-06-10

Parent classes

Class Class namespace Relation defined in Justification View details Edit Delete Comments
E13 Attribute Assignment CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Ancestor classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E1 CRM Entity 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7 - E5 - E4 - E2
E1 CRM Entity 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7 - E5 - E4 - E92
E2 Temporal Entity 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7 - E5 - E4
E4 Period 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7 - E5
E5 Event 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7
E7 Activity 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13
E92 Spacetime Volume 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E13 - E7 - E5 - E4
Thing 7 OntoME internal model - active version E13 - E7 - E5 - E4 - E2 - E1
Thing 7 OntoME internal model - active version E13 - E7 - E5 - E4 - E92 - E1

Child and descendant classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via

Related classes

Relation Class Class namespace Justification Relation defined in View details Edit Delete Comments

Outgoing properties (this class is domain)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E16 Measurement crm:P39 measured (was measured by) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement crm:P40 observed dimension (was observed in) E54 Dimension CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E16 Measurement (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P1 is identified by (identifies) E41 Appellation CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P2 has type (is type of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P3 has note E62 String CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of) E42 Identifier CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P4 has time-span (is time-span of) E52 Time-Span CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P173 starts before or with the end of (ends after or with the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P174 starts before the end of (ends after the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P175 starts before or with the start of (starts after or with the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P176 starts before the start of (starts after the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P182 ends before or with the start of (starts after or with the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P183 ends before the start of (starts after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P184 ends before or with the end of (ends with or after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P185 ends before the end of (ends after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E4 Period ) crm:P7 took place at (witnessed) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E4 Period ) crm:P8 took place on or within (witnessed) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E4 Period ) crm:P9 consists of (forms part of) E4 Period CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E5 Event ) crm:P11 had participant (participated in) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E5 Event ) crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) E77 Persistent Item CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P14 carried out by (performed) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) E1 CRM Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P16 used specific object (was used for) E70 Thing CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) E1 CRM Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P19 was intended use of (was made for) E71 Human-Made Thing CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) E5 Event CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P21 had general purpose (was purpose of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P32 used general technique (was technique of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P33 used specific technique (was used by) E29 Design or Procedure CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P125 used object of type (was type of object used in) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E7 Activity ) crm:P134 continued (was continued by) E7 Activity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E13 Attribute Assignment ) crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) E1 CRM Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E13 Attribute Assignment ) crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) E1 CRM Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E13 Attribute Assignment ) crm:P177 assigned property of type (is type of property assigned) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P10 falls within (contains) E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P133 is spatiotemporally separated from E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P160 has temporal projection (is temporal projection of) E52 Time-Span CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E16 Measurement (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P161 has spatial projection (is spatial projection of) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Incoming properties (this class is range)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace

Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P173 starts before or with the end of (ends after or with the start of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P174 starts before the end of (ends after the start of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P175 starts before or with the start of (starts after or with the start of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P176 starts before the start of (starts after the start of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P182 ends before or with the start of (starts after or with the end of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P183 ends before the start of (starts after the end of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P184 ends before or with the end of (ends with or after the end of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P185 ends before the end of (ends after the end of) E16 Measurement (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E4 Period crm:P9 consists of (forms part of) E16 Measurement (is a E4) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P134 continued (was continued by) E16 Measurement (is a E7) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) E16 Measurement (is a E5) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E17 Type Assignment crm:P41 classified (was classified by) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E18 Physical Thing crm:P196 defines (is defined by) E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E31 Document crm:P70 documents (is documented in) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E32 Authority Document crm:P71 lists (is listed in) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E36 Visual Item crm:P138 represents (has representation) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E83 Type Creation crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P129 is about (is subject of) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) E16 Measurement (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P10 falls within (contains) E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P133 is spatiotemporally separated from E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E93 Presence crm:P166 was a presence of (had presence) E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E95 Spacetime Primitive crm:P169 defines spacetime volume (spacetime volume is defined by) E16 Measurement (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Profiles using this class

Label Version Status Last updated
Silknow working profile 1 Ongoing 2023-10-25
HisArc-RDF 1 Published 2024-03-13
HisArc-RDF 2 Published 2024-03-13

Linked classes graph

Use mouse wheel to zoom in/out.

Comments