Persistent Item – E77

E77 Persistent Item

Subclass of:

Scope note:

This class comprises items that have persistent characteristics of structural nature substantially related to their identity and their integrity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy. Persistent Items may be physical entities, such as people, animals or things, conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or even names.

Instances of E77 Persistent Item may be present or be part of interactions in different periods or events. They can repeatedly be recognized at disparate occasions during their existence by characteristics of structural nature. The respective characteristics need not be exactly the same during all the existence of an instance of E77 Persistent Item. Often, they undergo gradual change, still bearing some similarities with that of previous times, or disappear completely and new emerge. For instance, a person, from the time of being born on, will gradually change all its features and acquire new ones, such as a scar. Even the DNA in different body cells will develop defects and mutations. Nevertheless, relevant characteristics used should be sufficiently similar to recognize the instance for some substantial period of time.

The more specific criteria that determine the identity of instances of subclasses of E77 Persistent Item may vary considerably and are described or referred to in the respective scope notes. The decision about which exact criteria to use depends on whether the observable behaviour of the respective part of reality such confined conforms to the reasoning the user is interested in. For example, a building can be regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria, such as being bodily separated from other persons. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. On the opposite, the identity of a (version of a) text of a scientific publication is given by the exact arrangement of its relevant symbols.

The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope of the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.

An instance of E77 Persistent Item does not require actual knowledge of the identifying features of the instance being currently known. There may be cases, where the actual identifying features of an instance of E77 Persistent Item are not decidable at a particular state of knowledge.

Examples:

Leonard da Vinci (E21) (Strano, 1953)

Stonehenge (E24) (Pryor, 2016)

the hole in the ozone layer (E4) (Hufford and Horwitz, 2005)

the First Law of Thermodynamics (E89) (Craig and Gislason, 2002)

the Bermuda Triangle (E53) (Dolan, 2005)

In First Order Logic:

  • E77(x) ⇒ E1(x)

Scope notes

Show Scope note Language Namespace View details Comments
This class comprises items that have persistent characteristics of structural nature substantially related to their identity and their integrity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy. Persistent Items may be physical entities, such as people, animals or things, conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or even names. Instances of E77 Persistent Item may be present or be part of interactions in different periods or events. They can repeatedly be recognized at disparate occasions during their existence by characteristics of structural nature. The respective characteristics need not be exactly the same during all the existence of an instance of E77 Persistent Item. Often, they undergo gradual change, still bearing some similarities with that of previous times, or disappear completely and new emerge. For instance, a person, from the time of being born on, will gradually change all its features and acquire new ones, such as a scar. Even the DNA in different body cells will develop defects and mutations. Nevertheless, relevant characteristics used should be sufficiently similar to recognize the instance for some substantial period of time. The more specific criteria that determine the identity of instances of subclasses of E77 Persistent Item may vary considerably and are described or referred to in the respective scope notes. The decision about which exact criteria to use depends on whether the observable behaviour of the respective part of reality such confined conforms to the reasoning the user is interested in. For example, a building can be regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria, such as being bodily separated from other persons. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. On the opposite, the identity of a (version of a) text of a scientific publication is given by the exact arrangement of its relevant symbols. The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope of the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties. An instance of E77 Persistent Item does not require actual knowledge of the identifying features of the instance being currently known. There may be cases, where the actual identifying features of an instance of E77 Persistent Item are not decidable at a particular state of knowledge. en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Cette classe comprend les entités qui possèdent des caractéristiques structurelles persistantes liées à leur identité et à leur intégrité, parfois désignées par le terme « endurants » en philosophie. Les entités persistantes peuvent être matérielles, comme des êtres humains, des animaux ou des choses, ou conceptuelles, comme des idées, des concepts, des produits de l'imagination ou même des noms.Les instances de E77_Entité_persistante peuvent être présentes ou faire partie d'interactions au cours de différentes périodes ou évènements. Elles peuvent être identifiées à maintes reprises à divers moments de leur existence par leurs caractéristiques structurelles. Ces dernières n'ont pas besoin d'être exactement les mêmes tout au long de l'existence d'une instance de E77_Entité_persistante. Souvent, les instances de E77_Entité_persistante subissent des changements progressifs, tout en conservant certaines similarités avec leurs états précédents, ou bien [n.d.t. certaines caractéristiques] disparaissent complètement tandis que de nouvelles émergent. Par exemple, les traits d'une personne, à compter du jour de sa naissance, changeront graduellement et de nouvelles caractéristiques apparaîtront, comme une cicatrice. Même l'ADN des cellules de différents corps peut développer des anomalies et des mutations. Cependant, les caractéristiques pertinentes sont généralement suffisamment semblables pour qu'il soit possible de reconnaître une instance au cours d'une longue période de temps.Les critères les plus spécifiques déterminant l'identité des instances des sous-classes de E77_Entité_persistante peuvent considérablement varier et sont décrits ou désignés dans les notes d'application correspondantes. Le choix du critère exact à utiliser [n.d.t. pour déterminer la sous-classe la plus appropriée] dépend de la correspondance entre, d'une part, le comportement observé dans la réalité [n.d.t. et documenté] et, d'autre part, les raisonnements que souhaite y appliquer l'utilisateur.Par exemple, on peut considérer qu'un édifice n'existe plus s'il est démantelé et que les matériaux sont réutilisés dans une configuration différente. D'un autre côté, les êtres humains traversent des changements profonds et radicaux pendant leur vie, lesquels affectent à la fois leur aspect et leur composition matérielle; ils conservent cependant leur identité en raison d'autres critères, comme le fait d'être physiquement distincts d'autres êtres humains. De la même façon, des objets inanimés peuvent être sujets à des échanges de parties ou de matière. Au contraire, l'identité d'une version précise d'un texte scientifique relève de l'arrangement exact et signifiant de ses symboles.Les principales classes d'objets qui sortent du champ d'application de la classe E77_Entité_persistante sont les objets temporels, comme les périodes, les évènements et les actions, ainsi que les propriétés descriptives.Une instance de E77_Entité_persistante peut exister sans que soient actuellement connues les caractéristiques qui la définissent. Il existe certains cas où ces caractéristiques ne peuvent pas être identifiées en raison de l'état des connaissances à un moment précis. fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Examples

Show Example Language Namespace View details Comments
Leonard da Vinci (E21) (Strano, 1953) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Stonehenge (E24) (Pryor, 2016) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
the hole in the ozone layer (E4) (Hufford and Horwitz, 2005) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
the First Law of Thermodynamics (E89) (Craig and Gislason, 2002) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
the Bermuda Triangle (E53) (Dolan, 2005) en CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Léonard de Vinci (E21_Personne) (Strano, 1953) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Le site de Stonehenge (E24_Chose_matérielle_élaborée_par_l'humain) (Pryor, 2016) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Le trou dans la couche d'ozone (E4_Période) (Hufford & Horwitz, 2005) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Le premier principe de la thermodynamique (E89_Objet_propositionnel) (Craig & Gislason, 2002) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0
Le triangle des Bermudes (E53_Lieu) (Dolan, 2005) fr CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Additional notes

Show Notes Type Language Namespace View details Comments

Identifier: E77

Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E77_Persistent_Item
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c70

Labels

Label Language Last updated View details Comments
Seiendes de 2024-03-14 0
Ον el 2024-03-14 0
Persistent Item * en 2022-06-13 0
Entité persistante * fr 2024-03-21 0
Entidade Persistente pt 2024-03-14 0
Постоянная Сущность ru 2024-03-14 0
持久项 zh 2024-03-14 0

* : Standard label for this language

Namespace

Namespace Last updated
CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 2022-06-13
CIDOC CRM version 6.2 2021-06-10

Parent classes

Class Class namespace Relation defined in Justification View details Edit Delete Comments
E1 CRM Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 0

Ancestor classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
Thing 2 OntoME internal model - active version E1

Child and descendant classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E18 Physical Thing 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72
E19 Physical Object 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18
E20 Biological Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E19
E21 Person 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E39
E21 Person 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E19 - E20
E22 Human-Made Object 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E24
E22 Human-Made Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E19
E22 Human-Made Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E24
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18
E25 Human-Made Feature 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E24
E25 Human-Made Feature 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E24
E25 Human-Made Feature 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E26
E26 Physical Feature 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18
E27 Site 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E26
E28 Conceptual Object 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71
E29 Design or Procedure 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73
E29 Design or Procedure 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73
E29 Design or Procedure 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73
E30 Right 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89
E31 Document 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73
E31 Document 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73
E31 Document 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73
E32 Authority Document 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73 - E31
E32 Authority Document 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73 - E31
E32 Authority Document 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73 - E31
E33 Linguistic Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73
E33 Linguistic Object 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73
E33 Linguistic Object 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73
E34 Inscription 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73 - E33
E34 Inscription 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73 - E33
E34 Inscription 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73 - E33
E34 Inscription 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73 - E36 - E37
E34 Inscription 8 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73 - E36 - E37
E34 Inscription 8 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73 - E36 - E37
E35 Title 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E41
E35 Title 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E41
E35 Title 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73 - E33
E35 Title 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73 - E33
E35 Title 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73 - E33
E36 Visual Item 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73
E36 Visual Item 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73
E36 Visual Item 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73
E37 Mark 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E73 - E36
E37 Mark 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89 - E73 - E36
E37 Mark 7 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E73 - E36
E39 Actor 1 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E41 Appellation 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90
E41 Appellation 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90
E42 Identifier 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E41
E42 Identifier 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E41
E55 Type 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28
E56 Language 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E55
E57 Material 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E55
E58 Measurement Unit 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E55
E70 Thing 1 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E71 Human-Made Thing 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70
E72 Legal Object 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70
E73 Information Object 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90
E73 Information Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E89
E73 Information Object 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90
E74 Group 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E39
E78 Curated Holding 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E24
E78 Curated Holding 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E18 - E24
E89 Propositional Object 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28
E90 Symbolic Object 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72
E90 Symbolic Object 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28
E61 Time Primitive 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E41
E61 Time Primitive 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E41
E94 Space Primitive 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E41
E94 Space Primitive 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E41
E95 Spacetime Primitive 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E72 - E90 - E41
E95 Spacetime Primitive 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E90 - E41
E98 Currency 6 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E55 - E58
E99 Product Type 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E70 - E71 - E28 - E55

Related classes

Relation Class Class namespace Justification Relation defined in View details Edit Delete Comments

Outgoing properties (this class is domain)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace

Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E77 Persistent Item (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P1 is identified by (identifies) E41 Appellation CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E77 Persistent Item (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P2 has type (is type of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E77 Persistent Item (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P3 has note E62 String CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E77 Persistent Item (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of) E42 Identifier CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E77 Persistent Item (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Incoming properties (this class is range)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E5 Event crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) E77 Persistent Item CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E63 Beginning of Existence crm:P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by) E77 Persistent Item CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E64 End of Existence crm:P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by) E77 Persistent Item CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E7 Activity crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E17 Type Assignment crm:P41 classified (was classified by) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E31 Document crm:P70 documents (is documented in) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E32 Authority Document crm:P71 lists (is listed in) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E36 Visual Item crm:P138 represents (has representation) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E83 Type Creation crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P129 is about (is subject of) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) E77 Persistent Item (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3

Profiles using this class

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