Alteration – S18

S18 Alteration

Subclass of:

Superclass of:

Scope note:

This class comprises natural events or man-made processes that create, alter or change physical things, by affecting permanently their form or consistency without changing their identity. Examples include alterations on depositional features-layers by natural factors or disturbance by roots or insects, organic alterations, petrification, etc.

Examples:

  • the petrification process of the Lesvos forest related to the intense volcanic activity in Lesvos island during late Oligocene - middle Miocene period (S18) (Marinos, 1997).
  • the flattening of the Lanhydrock Pedigree parchment after humidification (E11) (Pickwoad, N., 2016)

In First Order Logic:

  • S18(x) ⇒ E5(x)

Outgoing properties:

Scope notes

Show Scope note Language Namespace View details Comments
This class comprises natural events or man-made processes that create, alter or change physical things, by affecting permanently their form or consistency without changing their identity. Examples include alterations on depositional features-layers by natural factors or disturbance by roots or insects, organic alterations, petrification, etc. en CRMsci version 2.0 0

Examples

Show Example Language Namespace View details Comments
the petrification process of the Lesvos forest related to the intense volcanic activity in Lesvos island during late Oligocene - middle Miocene period (S18) (Marinos, 1997). the flattening of the Lanhydrock Pedigree parchment after humidification (E11) (Pickwoad, N., 2016) en CRMsci version 2.0 0

Additional notes

Show Notes Type Language Namespace View details Comments

Identifier: S18

Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/CRMsci/S18_Alteration
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c383

Labels

Label Language Last updated View details Comments
Alteration * en 2025-12-05 0

* : Standard label for this language

Namespace

Namespace Last updated
CRMsci version 2.0 2022-09-13
CRMsci version 1.2.3 2021-05-07

Parent classes

Class Class namespace Relation defined in Justification View details Edit Delete Comments
E5 Event CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 CRMsci version 2.0 0

Ancestor classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E1 CRM Entity 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - S15
E1 CRM Entity 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - E4 - E2
E1 CRM Entity 4 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - E4 - E92
E1 CRM Entity 5 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - E4 - E92 - C5
E2 Temporal Entity 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - E4
E4 Period 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5
E92 Spacetime Volume 3 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E5 - E4
Thing 4 OntoME internal model - active version E5 - S15 - E1
Thing 5 OntoME internal model - active version E5 - E4 - E2 - E1
Thing 5 OntoME internal model - active version E5 - E4 - E92 - E1
Thing 6 OntoME internal model - active version E5 - E4 - E92 - C5 - E1
S15 Observable Entity 2 CRMsci version 2.0 E5
C5 Abstract Region 4 SDHSS Core ongoing E5 - E4 - E92

Child and descendant classes

Class Depth Class namespace Via
E11 Modification 1 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E12 Production 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E11
E12 Production 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 S17
E79 Part Addition 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E11
E80 Part Removal 2 CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 E11
S17 Physical Genesis 1 CRMsci version 2.0
F28 Expression Creation 3 LRMoo 1.0 E11 - E12
F28 Expression Creation 3 LRMoo 1.0 S17 - E12
F30 Manifestation Creation 3 LRMoo 1.0 E11 - E12
F30 Manifestation Creation 3 LRMoo 1.0 S17 - E12
F32 Item Production Event 3 LRMoo 1.0 E11 - E12
F32 Item Production Event 3 LRMoo 1.0 S17 - E12
F33 Reproduction Event 3 LRMoo 1.0 E11 - E12
F33 Reproduction Event 3 LRMoo 1.0 S17 - E12
F33 Reproduction Event 4 LRMoo 1.0 E11 - E12 - F30
F33 Reproduction Event 4 LRMoo 1.0 S17 - E12 - F30

Related classes

Relation Class Class namespace Justification Relation defined in View details Edit Delete Comments

Outgoing properties (this class is domain)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
S18 Alteration crmsci:O18 altered (was altered by) E18 Physical Thing CRMsci version 2.0

Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P1 is identified by (identifies) E41 Appellation CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P2 has type (is type of) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P3 has note E62 String CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of) E42 Identifier CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm:P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by) E55 Type CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P6 has manifestation singleton type (is manifestation singleton type of) C10 Manifestation Singleton Type SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P5 has type of manifestation product type (is type of) C8 Type of manifestation product type SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P3 has digital object type (is type of) C7 Digital Object Type SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P70 same resource in the world as (same as) E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P2 domain class has identity defining component (is identity defining component of domain class) E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P10 time-independent entity association E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P18 is identifying component of range class (range class has identity defining component) E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P20 same as external identifier (same as) E42 Identifier SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P63 has preferred type (is preferred type of) E55 Type SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P28 same as URI [owl:sameAs] (same as) C30 Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) crm-sup:P30 observed entity type (entity type is observed by) C32 Observed Entity Type SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P67 has kind (is kind of) C50 Kind SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E1 CRM Entity ) sdh:P71 could be the same entity as (inverse of could be the same entity as) E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P4 has time-span (is time-span of) E52 Time-Span CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) sdh:P1 involves (is involved in) E1 CRM Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) sdh:P5 is part of (has part) E2 Temporal Entity SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P173 starts before or with the end of (ends after or with the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P174 starts before the end of (ends after the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P175 starts before or with the start of (starts after or with the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P176 starts before the start of (starts after the start of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P182 ends before or with the start of (starts after or with the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P183 ends before the start of (starts after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P184 ends before or with the end of (ends with or after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E2 Temporal Entity ) crm:P185 ends before the end of (ends after the end of) E2 Temporal Entity CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E4 Period ) crm:P7 took place at (witnessed) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E4 Period ) crm:P8 took place on or within (witnessed) E18 Physical Thing CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E4 Period ) crm:P9 consists of (forms part of) E4 Period CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E4 Period ) sdh:P6 took place at (was place of) C13 Geographical Place SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) crm:P11 had participant (participated in) E39 Actor CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) E77 Persistent Item CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) crmsci:O13 triggered (was triggered by) E5 Event CRMsci version 2.0
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) crm-sup:P34 has event type (is event type of) C37 Event Type SDHSS CIDOC CRM Base and LRM supplement
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) sdh:P8 effects (result from) C1 Entity Quality SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E5 Event ) sdh:P9 ends (is ended by) C1 Entity Quality SDHSS Core ongoing
S18 Alteration (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P10 falls within (contains) E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P133 is spatiotemporally separated from E92 Spacetime Volume CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P160 has temporal projection (is temporal projection of) E52 Time-Span CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a E92 Spacetime Volume ) crm:P161 has spatial projection (is spatial projection of) E53 Place CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S18 Alteration (is a S15 Observable Entity ) crmsci:O12 has dimension (is dimension of) E54 Dimension CRMsci version 2.0

Incoming properties (this class is range)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace

Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)

Domain Property identifier Range Namespace
E1 CRM Entity sdh:P10 time-independent entity association S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E1 CRM Entity sdh:P18 is identifying component of range class (range class has identity defining component) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E1 CRM Entity sdh:P2 domain class has identity defining component (is identity defining component of domain class) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E1 CRM Entity sdh:P70 same resource in the world as (same as) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E1 CRM Entity sdh:P71 could be the same entity as (inverse of could be the same entity as) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E2 Temporal Entity sdh:P1 involves (is involved in) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P173 starts before or with the end of (ends after or with the start of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P174 starts before the end of (ends after the start of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P175 starts before or with the start of (starts after or with the start of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P176 starts before the start of (starts after the start of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P182 ends before or with the start of (starts after or with the end of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P183 ends before the start of (starts after the end of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P184 ends before or with the end of (ends with or after the end of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity crm:P185 ends before the end of (ends after the end of) S18 Alteration (is a E2) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E2 Temporal Entity sdh:P5 is part of (has part) S18 Alteration (is a E2) SDHSS Core ongoing
E4 Period crm:P9 consists of (forms part of) S18 Alteration (is a E4) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E5 Event crmsci:O13 triggered (was triggered by) S18 Alteration (is a E5) CRMsci version 2.0
E7 Activity crm:P15 was influenced by (influenced) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P17 was motivated by (motivated) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E7 Activity crm:P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) S18 Alteration (is a E5) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E13 Attribute Assignment crm:P141 assigned (was assigned by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E17 Type Assignment crm:P41 classified (was classified by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E18 Physical Thing crm:P196 defines (is defined by) S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing crm:P62 depicts (is depicted by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E31 Document crm:P70 documents (is documented in) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E32 Authority Document crm:P71 lists (is listed in) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E36 Visual Item crm:P138 represents (has representation) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E83 Type Creation crm:P136 was based on (supported type creation) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P129 is about (is subject of) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E89 Propositional Object crm:P67 refers to (is referred to by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P10 falls within (contains) S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E92 Spacetime Volume crm:P133 is spatiotemporally separated from S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
E93 Presence crm:P166 was a presence of (had presence) S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
C11 Appellation in a Language sdh:P11 is appellation for language of (has appellation for language) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
S4 Observation crmsci:O16 observed value (value was observed by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) CRMsci version 2.0
S4 Observation crmsci:O8 observed (was observed by) S18 Alteration (is a S15) CRMsci version 2.0
S6 Data Evaluation crmsci:O11 described (was described by) S18 Alteration (is a S15) CRMsci version 2.0
S21 Measurement crmsci:O24 measured (was measured by) S18 Alteration (is a S15) CRMsci version 2.0
S22 Segment of Matter crmsci:O23 is defined by (defines) S18 Alteration (is a E92) CRMsci version 2.0
C15 Participation sdh-slc:P11 is participation in (has participation) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Social Life ongoing
C2 Propositional Situation sdh:P33 interprets (is interpreted by) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Core ongoing
C16 Participant Description sdh-slc:P25 is participant in (has participant) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Social Life ongoing
C19 Legal Integration sdh-slc:P27 is integration of (is integrated by) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Social Life ongoing
C25 Intentional Collective sdh:P36 has manifestation in (is manifestation of) S18 Alteration (is a E4) SDHSS Core ongoing
C30 Connotation sdh:P39 is connotation of (has connotation) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
C76 Identification sdh:P98 is identification of (has identification) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
C8 Intentional Composition sdh:P53 has intentional component (is component of) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
C8 Intentional Composition sdh:P54 is intentional component of (has intentional component) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS Core ongoing
C10 Intentional Event sdh:P43 has setting (is setting for) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Core ongoing
C35 Actor's Quality in Relation to an Event sdh-slc:P57 is quality in relation to (has related actor's quality) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Social Life ongoing
E95 Spacetime Primitive crm:P169 defines spacetime volume (spacetime volume is defined by) S18 Alteration (is a E92) CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3
S23 Position Determination crmsci:O32 determined position of (was located by) S18 Alteration (is a S15) CRMsci version 2.0
C38 Presence of a Thing sdh-slc:P76 is presence in (has presence) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Social Life ongoing
C57 Quantifiable Quality of a Spatio-Temporal Phenomenon sdh:P75 is quantifiable quality of (has quantifiable quality) S18 Alteration (is a E4) SDHSS Core ongoing
C64 Event Classification sdh:P82 classifies (is classified by) S18 Alteration (is a E5) SDHSS Core ongoing
C15 Reference sdh-info:P23 refers to (is referred in) S18 Alteration (is a E1) SDHSS for Sources Information and Metadata ongoing

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