Domain:

crm:E5 Event

Range:

crm:E39 Actor

Quantification:

0,n:0,n

Subproperty of:

• crm:E5 Event → crm:P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at) → crm:E77 Persistent Item

Superproperty of:

• crm:E7 Activity → crm:P14 carried out by (performed) → crm:E39 Actor
• crm:E67 Birth → crm:P96 by mother (gave birth) → crm:E21 Person
• crm:E68 Dissolution → crm:P99 dissolved (was dissolved by) → crm:E74 Group
• crm:E85 Joining → crm:P143 joined (was joined by) → crm:E39 Actor
• crm:E85 Joining → crm:P144 joined with (gained member by) → crm:E74 Group
• crm:E86 Leaving → crm:P145 separated (left by) → crm:E39 Actor
• crm:E86 Leaving → crm:P146 separated from (lost member by) → crm:E74 Group
• crm:E66 Formation → crm:P151 was formed from (participated in) → crm:E74 Group

Scope note:

This property describes the active or passive participation of instances of E39 Actors in an instance of E5 Event.

It documents known events in which an instance of E39 Actor has participated during the course of that actor’s life or history. The instances of E53 Place and E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide us with constraints about the presence of the related instances of E39 Actor in the past. Collective actors, i.e., instances of E74 Group, may physically participate in events via their representing instances of E21 Persons only. The participation of multiple actors in an event is most likely an indication of their acquaintance and interaction.

The property implies that the actor was involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. For instance, someone having been portrayed can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait.

Examples:

Napoleon (E21) participated in The Battle of Waterloo (E7). (Dawson, 2018)

Maria (E21) participated in Photographing of Maria (E7). (fictitious)

In First Order Logic:

• P11(x,y) ⇒ E5(x)
• P11(x,y) ⇒ E39(y)
• P11(x,y) ⇒ P12(x,y)