Group – E74
E74 Group
Superclass of:
Scope note:
This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of human individuals or groups that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. In such cases, it may happen that the group never had more than one member. A joint pseudonym (i.e., a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group.
A gathering of people becomes an instance of E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modelled as membership in an instance of E74 Group. Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.
Examples:
Ellery Queen [Ellery Queen is a pseudonym created in 1929 by American crime fiction writers Frederic Dannay and Manfred Bennington Lee.] (Wheat, 2005)
the impressionists (Wilson, 1994)
the Navajo (Correll, 1972)
the Greeks (Williams, 1993)
the peace protestors in New York City on 15th February 2003
Exxon-Mobil (Raymond, 2006)
King Solomon and his wives (Thieberger, 1947)
the President of the Swiss Confederation
Nicolas Bourbaki [the collective pseudonym of a group of mathematicians, predominantly French alumni of the École normale supérieure] (Aczel, 2007)
Betty Crocker (Crocker, 2012)
Greenpeace
Paveprime Ltd
the National Museum of Denmark
Context notes:
In the Descriptions and Situations ontology the Group class is conceptualized as an "Intentional collective [i.e.] a knowledge community that is unified by a plan shared by member agents.". (Gangemi Aldo, « Norms and plans as unification criteria for social collectives. », Auton. Agents Multi Agent Syst. 17 (1), 2008, pp. 70‑112, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10458-008-9038-9. )
Porello et al. analyse some foundational aspects of groups and group agency to conclude that groups are based on membership norms shared by the participants and that group agency furthermore demands acknowledgment of formal procedures to take decisions by delegation of other members (Porello Daniele, Bottazzi Emanuele et Ferrario Roberta, « The Ontology of Group Agency. », in: Formal Ontology in Information Systems-Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference, FOIS 2014, September, 22-25, 2014, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014, pp. 183‑196, https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-438-1-183).
In the SDHSS ontology ecosystem, the ontological substance of a group is considered to lie in the representations of the members of the group that share a plan, however rudimentary, and accept to integrate their individual agency into the group in order to realize collective agency, even if in a very informal way. The specific roles of individuals or sub-groups (e.g. steering comittee, president, etc.) will be expressed using the sdh-so:C13 Social Role Embodiment class.
In First Order Logic:
- E74(x) ⇒ E39(x)
- E74(x) ⇒ C40(x)
- E74(x) ⇒ C25(x)
Outgoing properties:
Incoming properties:
- crm:E66 Formation → crm:P95 has formed (was formed by) (1,1:1,n)
- crm:E68 Dissolution → crm:P99 dissolved (was dissolved by) (0,n:1,n)
- crm:E85 Joining → crm:P144 joined with (gained member by) (0,n:1,n)
- crm:E86 Leaving → crm:P146 separated from (lost member by) (0,n:1,n)
- crm:E66 Formation → crm:P151 was formed from (participated in) (0,n:0,n)
- sdh:C70 Group Classification → sdh:P88 classifies (is classified by) (0,n:1,1)
- sdh:C73 Epistemic Situation of a Group → sdh:P93 involves group (group is involved in) (0,n:0,1)
- sdh-slc:C5 Membership → sdh-slc:P2 was membership in (was the membership group of) (0,n:1,1)
- sdh-slc:C12 Actor's Social Role → sdh-slc:P19 is defined in relation to (is characterized by) (0,n:0,1)
- sdh-slc:C27 Legal Fact → sdh-slc:P53 is in relation to (is context of) (0,n:0,1)
- sdh-slc:C13 Social Role Embodiment → sdh-slc:P56 carried out in the context of (is context of) (0,n:0,1)
Scope notes
| Show | Scope note | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of human individuals or groups that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. In such cases, it may happen that the group never had more than one member. A joint pseudonym (i.e., a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group.A gathering of people becomes an instance of E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modelled as membership in an instance of E74 Group. Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group. | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Cette classe comprend les réunions ou organisations d'individus humains ou de groupes qui agissent collectivement et de manière similaire en raison d'une relation commune qui les unit. De manière générale, cette classe comprend aussi les positions officielles considérées dans certains contextes comme relevant d'un seul actant, indépendamment du détenteur actuel du titre au moment où il est enregistré (par exemple, le président d'un pays). Il est possible, dans de tels cas, que le groupe n'ait jamais plus d'un seul membre. Un pseudonyme partagé (c.-à-d. un nom qui semble référer à un individu, mais qui en fait est un rôle endossé par deux personnes ou plus) est un cas particulier relevant de E74_Groupe. Un rassemblement de personnes devient une instance de E74_Groupe lorsqu'il démontre des caractéristiques généralement associées à un ensemble d'idées ou de croyances communes, ou d'actions effectuées de manière commune. De telles caractéristiques peuvent prendre plusieurs formes : communications; création d'artéfacts communs; mission commune comme l'étude, la dévotion, les affaires, les sports, etc. La nationalité peut être modélisée comme l'appartenance d'une instance de E74_Groupe. Les couples mariés et autres concepts familiaux sont des exemples particuliers de E74_Groupe. | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 |
Examples
| Show | Example | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ellery Queen [Ellery Queen is a pseudonym created in 1929 by American crime fiction writers Frederic Dannay and Manfred Bennington Lee.] (Wheat, 2005) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the impressionists (Wilson, 1994) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the Navajo (Correll, 1972) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the Greeks (Williams, 1993) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the peace protestors in New York City on 15th February 2003 | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Exxon-Mobil (Raymond, 2006) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| King Solomon and his wives (Thieberger, 1947) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the President of the Swiss Confederation | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Nicolas Bourbaki [the collective pseudonym of a group of mathematicians, predominantly French alumni of the École normale supérieure] (Aczel, 2007) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Betty Crocker (Crocker, 2012) | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Greenpeace | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Paveprime Ltd | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| the National Museum of Denmark | en | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Le Nationalmuseet i København / Le Musée national du Danemark | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Nicolas Bourbaki [le pseudonyme collectif d'un groupe de mathématiciens composé principalement d'anciens élèves de l'École normale supérieure] (Aczel, 2007) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Les Navajo (Correll, 1972) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Les impressionnistes (Wilson, 1994) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Les Grecs (Williams, 1993) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Les manifestants en faveur de la paix qui se sont mobilisés à New York le 15 février 2003 | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Exxon-Mobil (Raymond, 2006) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Le Roi Salomon et ses épouses (Thieberger, 1947) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Le Président de la confédération suisse | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Betty Crocker (Crocker, 2012) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Ellery Queen [pseudonyme créé en 1929 par les auteurs américains de polar Frederic Dannay et Manfred Bennington Lee] (Wheat, 2005) | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Greenpeace | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||
| Paveprime Ltd | fr | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 |
Additional notes
| Show | Notes | Type | Language | Namespace | View details | Comments |
|---|
Identifier: E74
Official URI: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E74_Group
OntoME URI: https://ontome.net/ontology/c68
Labels
| Label | Language | Last updated | View details | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menschliche Gruppe | de | 2024-03-14 | 0 | |
| Ομάδα | el | 2024-03-14 | 0 | |
| Group * | en | 2022-06-13 | 0 | |
| Groupe * | fr | 2024-03-21 | 0 | |
| Grupo | pt | 2024-03-14 | 0 | |
| Группа | ru | 2024-03-14 | 0 | |
| 团体 | zh | 2024-03-14 | 0 |
* : Standard label for this language
Namespace
| Namespace | Last updated |
|---|---|
| CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 2022-06-13 |
| CIDOC CRM version 5.0.4 | 2022-06-13 |
| CIDOC CRM version 6.2 | 2021-06-10 |
Parent classes
| Class | Class namespace | Relation defined in | Justification | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E39 Actor | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | 0 | ||||
| C40 Intentional Set | SDHSS Core ongoing | SDHSS Core ongoing |
|
0 | |||
| C25 Intentional Collective | SDHSS Core ongoing | SDHSS Core ongoing |
|
0 |
Ancestor classes
| Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
|---|---|---|---|
| E1 CRM Entity | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - E77 |
| E1 CRM Entity | 7 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C25 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 |
| E1 CRM Entity | 7 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C40 - C32 - E28 - E71 - E70 - E77 |
| E1 CRM Entity | 7 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 |
| E18 Physical Thing | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C25 - C9 |
| E18 Physical Thing | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - C9 |
| E28 Conceptual Object | 3 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C40 - C32 |
| E70 Thing | 5 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C25 - C9 - E18 - E72 |
| E70 Thing | 5 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C40 - C32 - E28 - E71 |
| E70 Thing | 5 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - C9 - E18 - E72 |
| E71 Human-Made Thing | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C40 - C32 - E28 |
| E72 Legal Object | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C25 - C9 - E18 |
| E72 Legal Object | 4 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - C9 - E18 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 2 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 6 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C25 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 6 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | C40 - C32 - E28 - E71 - E70 |
| E77 Persistent Item | 6 | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 | E39 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 |
| Thing | 4 | OntoME internal model - active version | E39 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 8 | OntoME internal model - active version | C25 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 8 | OntoME internal model - active version | C40 - C32 - E28 - E71 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| Thing | 8 | OntoME internal model - active version | E39 - C9 - E18 - E72 - E70 - E77 - E1 |
| C32 Abstract individual | 2 | SDHSS Core ongoing | C40 |
| C9 Intentional Entity | 2 | SDHSS Core ongoing | C25 |
| C9 Intentional Entity | 2 | SDHSS Core ongoing | E39 |
Child and descendant classes
| Class | Depth | Class namespace | Via |
|---|---|---|---|
| F11 Corporate Body | 2 | LRMoo 1.0 | F55 |
| F55 Collective Agent | 1 | LRMoo 1.0 | |
| F39 Family | 2 | LRMoo 1.0 | F55 |
Related classes
| Relation | Class | Class namespace | Justification | Relation defined in | View details | Edit | Delete | Comments |
|---|
Outgoing properties (this class is domain)
| Domain | Property identifier | Range | Namespace |
|---|---|---|---|
| E74 Group | crm:P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of) | E39 Actor | CIDOC CRM version 7.1.3 |
| E74 Group | sdh:P99 has group type (is group type of) | C9 Group Type | SDHSS Core ongoing |
Outgoing properties (inherited from ancestors)
Incoming properties (this class is range)
Incoming properties (inherited from ancestors)
Profiles using this class
Linked classes graph
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