Domain:

crm:E2 Temporal Entity

Range:

crm:E2 Temporal Entity

Quantification:

0,n:0,n

Subproperty of:

• crm:E2 Temporal Entity → crm:P174 starts before the end of (ends after the start of) → crm:E2 Temporal Entity

Superproperty of:

• crm:E2 Temporal Entity → crm:P176 starts before the start of (starts after the start of) → crm:E2 Temporal Entity

Scope note:

This property specifies that the temporal extent of the domain instance A of E2 Temporal Entity starts before or simultaneously with the start of the temporal extent of the range instance B of E2 Temporal Entity.

In other words, if A = [A^start, A^end] and B = [B^start, B^end], we mean A^start ≤ B^start is true.

This property is part of the set of temporal primitives P173 – P176, P182 – P185.

This property corresponds to a disjunction (logical OR) of the following Allen temporal relations (Allen, 1983): {before, meets, overlaps, starts, started-by, contains, finished-by, equals}

In a model with fuzzy borders, this property will not be transitive.

This property is irreflexive.

Figure 12: Temporal entity A starts before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is longer than B

Figure 13: Temporal entity A starts before or with the start of temporal entity B. Here A is shorter than B

Examples:

The production of the scarab seal found in Poros in a context of LMIIIB (E12) starts after or with the start of Tutankhamun period (1332-1323 B.C) (E4). [The scarab stamp seal found in Poros was associated with finds dated to the LMIIIB period. The seal is dated to the Tutankhamun period or later because it belongs to the scarabs of type “nh.s n Jmn”: During Akhenaten period, the production of this type of scarab seal stopped (the name of Amun is not referred to during his reign). Therefore, the scarab cannot have been produced before the Tutankhamun period and is probably a later production] (Karetsou, 2000)

The production of the cylindrical seal of the first Dynasty of Babylon found in Tholos B in Platanos (E12) starts after or with the start of the Hammurabi period of the kingdom (E4). [Of the cylindrical seal of the first Dynasty of Babylon found in tholos B in Platanos believed to connect king Hammurabi with the MM I period. Specifically, although the finding is believed to have been found in a MM I layer, it contained material from the MM III/YM I period. Therefore, the seal may be from the Hammurabi period or, it may be from a later period.] (Walberg, 1992.)

In First Order Logic:

• P175(x,y) ⇒ E2(x)
• P175(x,y) ⇒ E2(y)
• P175(x,y) ⇒ P174(x,y)