This class models the fact that one person or group of persons is caring for a person, actively taking care of him/her, whether a child or an elderly person. This class is modelled as an actual interaction taking place somewhere in the physical space. It is a phase that describes a continuous situation but which may have interruptions, for example, looking after a child every day, during the parents' working time, for three years. The care may be provided by an individual or by an informal institution or group.
This class comprises characteristics, qualities or conditions of persistent items or temporal entities at a given moment or during a time-span. It is inspired by the concept of qualities in DOLCE, defined as individualized properties that inhere in particulars: a specific quality inheres in each class instance and ceases to exist at the end of the life of the instance it inheres to. The value of the quality or quale (DOLCE), e.g. the color of an object, is associated to the entity quality and is possibly time-indexed, i.e. valid at and limited to a given time-span. A characteristic or quality of an entity is conceptualised in the SDHSS ontology as a time-indexed observable phenomenon denoting the fact that the quality (DOLCE) of a given entity at a given time has a specific value or quale, and that this value is stable over the time span considered. Rather than modelling the quality as a distinct entity, as in DOLCE, the class dh:C1 Entity Quality is defined as a subclass of temporal entity and associates a specific quality value in a reference space, e.g. red, to an entity, e.g. a car. Thus, according to the present conceptualisation a quality, in this case the colour of the car, refers to a specific period of time and to a specific quality value, namely the observable phenomenon of the thing having this quality and value, and not to a quality in general, e.g. colour, which is conceptualised as a quality type. The kind of quality observed (color, weight, etc.) is specified by a suitable quality type or creating subclasses with specific properties. No generic property is defined to associate any crm:E1 Entity with a quality. As a matter of fact not all subclasses of the sdh:C1 Entity Quality class concern the same types of entities and one cannot therefore extend an inheritance of a generic has quality property to all subclasses but they have to be considered distinctly. For instance, the crm:E3 Condition State class can be considered as representig a specialization of the sdh:C1 Entity Quality class and the crm:P44 has condition (is condition of) property opportunely associates a physical object with its physical condition or state. Thus, sdh:C1 Entity Quality is an abstract class and has no direct instances. A characteristic or quality is initiated, influenced and ended by events (crm:E5 Event class) and this is modelled by correspondent properties.
The fact that a person attends a school. Attendance is understood as being effectively present on the school premises, more or less regularly, for a certain period of time.
This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of the Tanking Care of a Person class.
This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of the Attengind a School class
This class comprises qualities of the mind of a single person, or the minds of intentional collectives, and captures the presence in their mind of propositions about entities of any kind. It is comprehensive of all intentional phenomena, be they static, in the sense of states of mind, or dynamic, in the sense of changes of mind or opinions evolving in time, i.e. new propositions replacing the former ones about the same objects. It is an abstract, uninstantiated class, providing its subclasses and descendants with the fundamental intension and relevant properties. Intentionality is defined in philosophy as the power of minds to be directed at objects, i.e. entities, states of affairs, goals, or values (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). The intended entity is the object of the intention, its content is a proposition, or a fragment of it, or a complex set of propositions about this object. It is important to note that "intentionality" is not to be confused with "intention" as the purpose people have in mind when they act. The notion of intentionality applies primarily to the representations and individual or social connotations of things, not to the theory of human action. The sdh:C4 Intention class, as a descendant of the crm:E2 Temporal Entity class, models the fact that propositions about objects, and the objects they concern, are present to human minds or intentional entities, be these taken individually or collectively, during a given time span. The intention therefore appears to be a time-related quality of a mind or minds be this realized in a more stable way, as in intentional states, or engaged in an evolutionary, dynamic process, e.g. discussing a topic or changing one's mind, which we define as an intentional event. Given that they are intimately linked, the intended object is associated to the crm:E89 Propositional Object representing the content of the intention using the crm:P129 is about property and therefore no direct property associating the intention with the object is declared at this foundational level. This allows to identify the intentional content or representations present in the mind of different intentional entities, at different times, independently of the actual quality of each mind. As a subclass of sdh:C1 Entity Quality, the Intention class inherits the properties expressing the influence of a crm:E5 Event on the quality. E. g. a physical event like a volcanic eruption can generate mental endorsement of the proposition that assesses the seriousness of the situation and invites to flee.
This class comprises positions or regions in an abstract, conceptual space defined by a conventionally defined reference system, such as for measuring time, space, colors, ranges of values, etc. As such, the classes crm:E52 Time-span, crm:E53 Place, crm:E54 Dimension are all abstract regions in the sense of indicating a region or position in a reference system (a date in a calendar, geocoordinates, a value in a measuring system).This view is consistent with the top-level category 'Abstract' and the notion of 'Region' introduced by the foundational ontology DOLCE (Gangemi 2002).
This class models teaching as a phase in which a person teaches a subject usually at an institution of higher education. It is the act of teaching that is being modelled, not the fact of holding a chair or an academic position. Teaching may be subject to temporary interruptions and spread over a longer period. If more than one subject is entered, they together represent the substance of the teaching for the whole period. Different teaching times of different subjects should be recorded creating different instances of this class.
This class comprises learning activity of person during a given time-span at a school, college, or university, even though some interruption of their study may exist.
As a specialisation of the Actor's Legal Quality Acquisition class, the present class models the fact that a person succeeds in obtaining a study title or degree.
A title or degree that one receives after completing a course of study
Also called field of study, research field and branch of knowledge, an academic discipline is a subdivision of knowledge that is taught and researched at university level and higher academic institutions but also simply taught at school or college. It is defined as a complex set of rules, methods, objects and results identified by its propositional content.
Observable physical entities capable of having representations about objects. Depending on the interests of different disciplines, these can be people, animals or even artefacts, such as robots.
Professoship or other form of instutionalized teaching position at a university or academy. A university chair is a legal object and is not to be confused with the holder who is a person.
An academic position is the rank of a scientist or teacher in a college, high school, university or research establishment. It indicates relative importance and power of individuals in academia, and is generally associated with rights and duties defined by the university statutes or the law of a country.
This class comprises training activity of person during a given time-span, even though some interruption of their training may exist. Training is understood in the broadest sense, as the act of following a process of learning skills needed to do a particular activity, with one or more teachers, with or without other trainees. To indicate that a person has studied, which is a specialisation of the training concept, use the class sdh-edu:C2 Study.
The intentional act of dedicating an object (be this physical or symbolic, e.g. food, a sword, a text, a picture) to an actor (be this real or fictional, an individual or a group) with a specific purpose, often in the hope of obtaining a favor or as a sign of thanks or respect. A dedication captures the intentional phenomenon and can have as sdh:P43 has setting one or more crm:E5 Event (or subclasses)
This class comprises parts of the Earth's surface that can be represented by photographs, paintings or maps, and that have some coherent characteristics related to their natural features (e.g., a mountain) or to the human activities that have shaped them (e.g., a harbour). These features make them identifiable and unique. The relevant portion of the surface of the Earth can be covered by buildings, water (river, sea, ...) which are part of the identifying features. The more specific identity of instances of this class is provided by a controlled vocabulary of geographical place types.
Persons who share the same representations, i.e. the same views or conceptualizations of things in the world, or the same know-how and practical attitudes, and collective emotions, or the same language, without acting collectively and therefore without being an identifiable crm:E74 Group but being generally aware of sharing these conceptualizations or views with other people and thus having, at least to a certain extent, a common social identity based on social representations and collective intentionality. The fact of sharing representations, and knowing to share them with other people, is what constitutes in the most general sense a human intentional collective or social context, besides relations of social power based on acceptance of collective rules, or plans to act together. Individuality is realised in the context of this substrate, i.e. the sharing and adopting, and contributing to the development of social representations. The present class is modelled without taking a stand in the ongoing debate about the nature of collective intentionality: is it simply the sum of individual intentions or does it express something more substantial in the sense of an intentional collective ? The class is open to both interpretations and one can choose to use or not the sdh:C25 Intentional Collective class for expressing collective intentionality, or provide specific types to the sdh:C26 Representations, e.g. 'social representations' for modelling views and conceptualizations shared by groups and societies. In the perspective of social psychology and social sciences, individual intentionality cannot exist outside a socialisation that shapes the language and categories of thought of humans. Individuality is realised in the context of this substrate, i.e. the sharing and adopting, or contributing to the development of social representations. Beyond its irreducible individuality, a person embodies, and specialises, an intentional collective which he or she helps to achieve and contributes to evolve. This constant interaction between persons and intentional collectives appears to be one of the foundations of social life.
This class models individual concepts that are not used to classify or characterize other entities, like instances of crm:E55 Type, but are defined by propositional objects (descriptions in the sense of the Descriptions and Situations ontology) and exist in individual or collective states of mind, or in texts and other information objects. These individuals do not exist in physical reality but just in the intentionality of a person or an intentional collective. For example a character in a novel, such as Jean Valjean in Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, or your bank account, are abstract individuals. Abstract individuals are created as any other conceptual object by actors in events of type crm:E65 Creation. They are integrated into social representations through sdh-so:C30 Social Connotation, i.e. adoption and integration of these individuals by a collective of humans into their own understanding of reality or into their fictional world.
A collection of entities as conceived or imagined as existing by a person, a group or an intentional collective.The belonging to a collection results from a classification of the concerned objects by a concept. "The concept(s) that classify all the members of a collection are said to cover a collection" (Gangemi Aldo, « Norms and plans as unification criteria for social collectives. », Auton. Agents Multi Agent Syst. 17 (1), 2008, pp. 70‑112, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10458-008-9038-9. ) The membership of an object to an intentional collection (an abstract individual) which results from the classification can be expressed using the sdh:C8 Intentional Composition class or its subclasses.
This class comprises all things in the universe of discourse of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model. It is an abstract concept providing for three general properties: Identification by name or appellation, and in particular by a preferred identifier Classification by type, allowing further refinement of the specific subclass an instance belongs to Attachment of free text for the expression of anything not captured by formal properties With the exception of E59 Primitive Value, all other classes within the CRM are directly or indirectly specialisations of E1 CRM Entity.
This class comprises all phenomena, such as the instances of E4 Periods, E5 Events and states, which happen over a limited extent in time. This extent in time must be contiguous, i.e., without gaps. In case the defining kinds of phenomena for an instance of E2 Temporal Entity cease to happen, and occur later again at another time, we regard that the former E2 Temporal Entity has ended and a new instance has come into existence. In more intuitive terms, the same event cannot happen twice. In some contexts, these are also called perdurants. This class is disjoint from E77 Persistent Item. This is an abstract class and has no direct instances. E2 Temporal Entity is specialized into E4 Period, which applies to a particular geographic area (defined with a greater or lesser degree of precision), and E3 Condition State, which applies to instances of E18 Physical Thing.
This class comprises all persistent physical items with a relatively stable form, man-made or natural. Depending on the existence of natural boundaries of such things, the CRM distinguishes the instances of E19 Physical Object from instances of E26 Physical Feature, such as holes, rivers, pieces of land etc. Most instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy), whereas features are integral to the surrounding matter. An instance of E18 Physical Thing occupies not only a particular geometric space, but in the course of its existence it also forms a trajectory through spacetime, which occupies a real, that is phenomenal, volume in spacetime. We include in the occupied space the space filled by the matter of the physical thing and all its inner spaces, such as the interior of a box. Physical things consisting of aggregations of physically unconnected objects, such as a set of chessmen, occupy a number of individually contiguous spacetime volumes equal to the number of unconnected objects that constitute the set. We model E18 Physical Thing to be a subclass of E72 Legal Object and of E92 Spacetime volume. The latter is intended as a phenomenal spacetime volume as defined in CRMgeo (Doerr and Hiebel 2013). By virtue of this multiple inheritance we can discuss the physical extent of an E18 Physical Thing without representing each instance of it together with an instance of its associated spacetime volume. This model combines two quite different kinds of substance: an instance of E18 Physical Thing is matter while a spacetime volume is an aggregation of points in spacetime. However, the real spatiotemporal extent of an instance of E18 Physical Thing is regarded to be unique to it, due to all its details and fuzziness; its identity and existence depends uniquely on the identity of the instance of E18 Physical Thing. Therefore this multiple inheritance is unambiguous and effective and furthermore corresponds to the intuitions of natural language. The CIDOC CRM is generally not concerned with amounts of matter in fluid or gaseous states.
This class comprises items of a material nature that are units for documentation and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects. The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen. Typically, instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy). In some contexts, such objects, except for aggregates, are also called “bona fide objects” (Smith Varzi, 2000, pp.401-420), i.e. naturally defined objects. The decision as to what is documented as a complete item, rather than by its parts or components, may be a purely administrative decision or may be a result of the order in which the item was acquired.
This class comprises individual items of a material nature, which live, have lived or are natural products of or from living organisms. Artificial objects that incorporate biological elements, such as Victorian butterfly frames, can be documented as both instances of E20 Biological Object and E22 Man-Made Object.
This class comprises real persons who live or are assumed to have lived. Legendary figures that may have existed, such as Ulysses and King Arthur, fall into this class if the documentation refers to them as historical figures. In cases where doubt exists as to whether several persons are in fact identical, multiple instances can be created and linked to indicate their relationship. The CRM does not propose a specific form to support reasoning about possible identity.
This class comprises identifiable features that are physically attached in an integral way to particular physical objects. Instances of E26 Physical Feature share many of the attributes of instances of E19 Physical Object. They may have a one-, two- or three-dimensional geometric extent, but there are no natural borders that separate them completely in an objective way from the carrier objects. For example, a doorway is a feature but the door itself, being attached by hinges, is not. Instances of E26 Physical Feature can be features in a narrower sense, such as scratches, holes, reliefs, surface colours, reflection zones in an opal crystal or a density change in a piece of wood. In the wider sense, they are portions of particular objects with partially imaginary borders, such as the core of the Earth, an area of property on the surface of the Earth, a landscape or the head of a contiguous marble statue. They can be measured and dated, and it is sometimes possible to state who or what is or was responsible for them. They cannot be separated from the carrier object, but a segment of the carrier object may be identified (or sometimes removed) carrying the complete feature. This definition coincides with the definition of "fiat objects" (Smith Varzi, 2000, pp.401-420), with the exception of aggregates of “bona fide objects”.
This class comprises non-material products of our minds and other human produced data that have become objects of a discourse about their identity, circumstances of creation or historical implication. The production of such information may have been supported by the use of technical devices such as cameras or computers. Characteristically, instances of this class are created, invented or thought by someone, and then may be documented or communicated between persons. Instances of E28 Conceptual Object have the ability to exist on more than one particular carrier at the same time, such as paper, electronic signals, marks, audio media, paintings, photos, human memories, etc. They cannot be destroyed. They exist as long as they can be found on at least one carrier or in at least one human memory. Their existence ends when the last carrier and the last memory are lost.
This class comprises people, either individually or in groups, who have the potential to perform intentional actions of kinds for which someone may be held responsible. The CRM does not attempt to model the inadvertent actions of such actors. Individual people should be documented as instances of E21 Person, whereas groups should be documented as instances of either E74 Group or its subclass E40 Legal Body.
This class comprises concepts denoted by terms from thesauri and controlled vocabularies used to characterize and classify instances of CRM classes. Instances of E55 Type represent concepts in contrast to instances of E41 Appellation which are used to name instances of CRM classes. E55 Type is the CRM’s interface to domain specific ontologies and thesauri. These can be represented in the CRM as subclasses of E55 Type, forming hierarchies of terms, i.e. instances of E55 Type linked via P127 has broader term (has narrower term). Such hierarchies may be extended with additional properties.
This general class comprises discrete, identifiable, instances of E77 Persistent Item that are documented as single units, that either consist of matter or depend on being carried by matter and are characterized by relative stability. They may be intellectual products or physical things. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be a logical concept or structure.
This class comprises discrete, identifiable man-made items that are documented as single units. These items are either intellectual products or man-made physical things, and are characterized by relative stability. They may for instance have a solid physical form, an electronic encoding, or they may be logical concepts or structures.
This class comprises those material or immaterial items to which instances of E30 Right, such as the right of ownership or use, can be applied. This is true for all E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E28 Conceptual Object, however, the identity of the E28 Conceptual Object or the method of its use may be too ambiguous to reliably establish instances of E30 Right, as in the case of taxa and inspirations. Ownership of corporations is currently regarded as out of scope of the CRM.
This class comprises any gatherings or organizations of E39 Actors that act collectively or in a similar way due to any form of unifying relationship. In the wider sense this class also comprises official positions which used to be regarded in certain contexts as one actor, independent of the current holder of the office, such as the president of a country. In such cases, it may happen that the Group never had more than one member. A joint pseudonym (i.e., a name that seems indicative of an individual but that is actually used as a persona by two or more people) is a particular case of E74 Group. A gathering of people becomes an E74 Group when it exhibits organizational characteristics usually typified by a set of ideas or beliefs held in common, or actions performed together. These might be communication, creating some common artifact, a common purpose such as study, worship, business, sports, etc. Nationality can be modeled as membership in an E74 Group (cf. HumanML markup). Married couples and other concepts of family are regarded as particular examples of E74 Group.
This class comprises items that have a persistent identity, sometimes known as “endurants” in philosophy. They can be repeatedly recognized within the duration of their existence by identity criteria rather than by continuity or observation. Persistent Items can be either physical entities, such as people, animals or things, or conceptual entities such as ideas, concepts, products of the imagination or common names. The criteria that determine the identity of an item are often difficult to establish -; the decision depends largely on the judgement of the observer. For example, a building is regarded as no longer existing if it is dismantled and the materials reused in a different configuration. On the other hand, human beings go through radical and profound changes during their life-span, affecting both material composition and form, yet preserve their identity by other criteria. Similarly, inanimate objects may be subject to exchange of parts and matter. The class E77 Persistent Item does not take any position about the nature of the applicable identity criteria and if actual knowledge about identity of an instance of this class exists. There may be cases, where the identity of an E77 Persistent Item is not decidable by a certain state of knowledge.The main classes of objects that fall outside the scope the E77 Persistent Item class are temporal objects such as periods, events and acts, and descriptive properties.
This class comprises 4 dimensional point sets (volumes) in physical spacetime regardless its true geometric form. They may derive their identity from being the extent of a material phenomenon or from being the interpretation of an expression defining an extent in spacetime. Intersections of instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, Place and Timespan are also regarded as instances of E92 Spacetime Volume. An instance of E92 Spacetime Volume is either contiguous or composed of a finite number of contiguous subsets. Its boundaries may be fuzzy due to the properties of the phenomena it derives from or due to the limited precision up to which defining expression can be identified with a real extent in spacetime. The duration of existence of an instance of a spacetime volume is trivially its projection on time.
This class comprises constellations of matter with a relative stability of any form sufficient to associate them with a persistent identity, such as being confined to certain extent, having a relative stability of form or structure, or containing a fixed amount of matter. In particular, it comprises physical things in the narrower sense and fluid bodies. It is an abstraction of physical substance for solid and non-solid things of matter.
This class comprises instances of E2 Temporal Entity or E77 Persistent Item, i.e. items or phenomena that can be observed, either directly by human sensory impression, or enhanced with tools and measurement devices, such as physical things, their behavior, states and interactions or events. Conceptual objects can be present in events by their carriers such as books, digital media, or even human memory. By virtue of this presence, properties of conceptual objects, such as number of words can be observed on their carriers. If the respective properties between carriers differ, either they carry different instances of conceptual objects or the difference can be attributed to accidental deficiencies in one of the carriers. In that sense even immaterial objects are observable. By this model we give credit to the fact that frequently, the actually observed carriers of conceptual objects are not explicitly identified in documentation, i.e., the actual carrier is assumed having existed but is unknown as an individual.
This property associates the cared-for person
This property allows sub typing of CRM entities - a form of specialisation – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. The CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CRM may by specialised into any number of sub entities, which can be defined in the E55 Type hierarchy. E51 Contact Point, for example, may be specialised into “e-mail address”, “telephone number”, “post office box”, “URL” etc. none of which figures explicitly in the CRM hierarchy. Sub typing obviously requires consistency between the meaning of the terms assigned and the more general intent of the CRM entity in question.
This property associates the person attending the school
This property associates the phase of school attending with the concerned school.
This property associates to the Taking Care of a Person class types defining the identity of its instances.
This property associates to the Attending to a School class types defining the identity of its instances.
The school, university or other institution at which a person has studied.
This property associates an intention with the person or intentional collective that it characterises. As time-indexed qualities of the intentional entities, intentions are inseparable from them and therefore the intentional entities associated by the property are identity defining for the intentional quality: each instance of an intentional quality belongs to an intentional entity instance
This property associates the person who studied.
This property associates to the social event the person obtaining the degree or diploma
This property associates the specific title (modelled as a Legan Individual) obtained by a person, not the general type of degree (e.g. bachelor)
Professor or other teacher who accompanies the research work and ensures that it complies with academic rules
This property associates the discipline taught. If more than one academinc discipline is associated with a teaching entity, the duration and place of teaching must be identical for all disciplines.
This property associates the person performing the teaching
This property associates a teaching with the institution in which it is carried out.
This property associates the rank or position that characterises the teacher during the teaching activity. If the rank changes, a new teaching activity should be created
This property associates an academic chair with the discipline(s) that its holder is supposed to teach
This property associates the institution that awards the degree. This is usually a single institution but in some particular cases the same degree may be awarded jointly by two institutions, hence the open cardinality.
This property associates one or more disciplines learned during the study phase
This property associates the geographical location (or locations) where the title was obtained. It is preferable to provide information on the institution that awarded the degree, but it may be useful to be able to associate the location directly.
This property associates one or more actors (persons or groups) who intentionally perform the dedication. The same dedication can have have one (in general cases) or many dedicators
This property associates to the dedication the persistent item (physical or symbolic) that is object of the dedication. One or more persistent items can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicatee) and the moment in time.
This property associates to the dedication the dedicatee or receiver to whom it is addressed.This must be a person or group or persons. Concerning a divinity or similar the property sdh-int:P24 has conceptual dedicatee be used. One or more dedicatees can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicated object) and the moment in time.
This property associates to the dedication the dedicatee or receiver to whom it is addressed.This must be an absract individual, e.g. a divinity. Concerning a person or group the property sdh-int:P23 has dedicatee (is dedicatee of) must be used. One or more conceptual dedicatees can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicated object) and the moment in time.
This property associates the beneficiary or beneficiaries of the dedication action for which the object was offered. One or more beneficiaries can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicatee, dedicated object) and the moment in time.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the cared-for person
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the caretaker
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property allows sub typing of CRM entities - a form of specialisation – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. The CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CRM may by specialised into any number of sub entities, which can be defined in the E55 Type hierarchy. E51 Contact Point, for example, may be specialised into “e-mail address”, “telephone number”, “post office box”, “URL” etc. none of which figures explicitly in the CRM hierarchy. Sub typing obviously requires consistency between the meaning of the terms assigned and the more general intent of the CRM entity in question.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the person attending the school
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the phase of school attending with the concerned school.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the Taking Care of a Person class types defining the identity of its instances.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the Attending to a School class types defining the identity of its instances.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. The school, university or other institution at which a person has studied.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates an intention with the person or intentional collective that it characterises. As time-indexed qualities of the intentional entities, intentions are inseparable from them and therefore the intentional entities associated by the property are identity defining for the intentional quality: each instance of an intentional quality belongs to an intentional entity instance
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the person who studied.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the social event the person obtaining the degree or diploma
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the specific title (modelled as a Legan Individual) obtained by a person, not the general type of degree (e.g. bachelor)
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. Professor or other teacher who accompanies the research work and ensures that it complies with academic rules
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the discipline taught. If more than one academinc discipline is associated with a teaching entity, the duration and place of teaching must be identical for all disciplines.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the person performing the teaching
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates a teaching with the institution in which it is carried out.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the rank or position that characterises the teacher during the teaching activity. If the rank changes, a new teaching activity should be created
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates an academic chair with the discipline(s) that its holder is supposed to teach
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the institution that awards the degree. This is usually a single institution but in some particular cases the same degree may be awarded jointly by two institutions, hence the open cardinality.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates one or more disciplines learned during the study phase
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the geographical location (or locations) where the title was obtained. It is preferable to provide information on the institution that awarded the degree, but it may be useful to be able to associate the location directly.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates one or more actors (persons or groups) who intentionally perform the dedication. The same dedication can have have one (in general cases) or many dedicators
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the dedication the persistent item (physical or symbolic) that is object of the dedication. One or more persistent items can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicatee) and the moment in time.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the dedication the dedicatee or receiver to whom it is addressed.This must be a person or group or persons. Concerning a divinity or similar the property sdh-int:P24 has conceptual dedicatee be used. One or more dedicatees can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicated object) and the moment in time.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates to the dedication the dedicatee or receiver to whom it is addressed.This must be an absract individual, e.g. a divinity. Concerning a person or group the property sdh-int:P23 has dedicatee (is dedicatee of) must be used. One or more conceptual dedicatees can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicated object) and the moment in time.
This property is the inverse of the forward property described in the scope note that follows. This property associates the beneficiary or beneficiaries of the dedication action for which the object was offered. One or more beneficiaries can be concerned by the same dedication but this has to be consistent, i.e. the same intentional event, especially regarding the other associated entities (dedicator, dedicatee, dedicated object) and the moment in time.